Scientists discovered that swollen-thorn acacias invested more in ant rewards during a drought, suggesting that mutualistic interactions play a crucial role in the plant’s survival, even during ...

Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 88, No. 1, Special Feature with Functional Ecology: Eco-evolutionary dynamics across scales (January 2019), pp. 102-113 (12 pages) 1. Nutritional mutualisms are one of ...

Mutualistic interactions are mutually beneficial species interactions. Plant-pollinator mutualisms are particularly important, and involve nearly 170,000 plant and 200,000 animal species. Aa Aa Aa ...

Paleozoic marine ecosystems were marked by a diverse array of symbiotic interactions that have left a lasting imprint on the evolutionary history of life. These associations, ranging from mutualistic ...

Pseudomyrmex spinicola ants feeding on nectar produced from extrafloral nectaries, located at the base of the leaves of swollen-thorn acacias (Vachellia collinsii). In this obligate mutualistic ...