Under-eye darkness usually comes from a mix of: • poor circulation & fluid retention • lack of sleep • dehydration • excess sugar & salt • slow skin renewal under the eyes Cold tools help drain fluid. Sleep and hydration reduce congestion. Cutting sugar salt lowers puffiness. Retinol eye creams support collagen and improve thin, shadowed skin over time. This works because it targets both lifestyle skin biology, not just the surface. Eye cream alone won’t fix dark circles. Results come when your